اتفاقية نقل البضائع الخطرة عبر الطرق ADR: الدليل الفني وشحن الصادرات التركية
الاتفاقية الأوروبية المنظمة للنقل الدولي للمواد الكيميائية والخطرة عبر الطرق البرية.
Updated October 2026 · Brosan Lojistik Operations Desk
التحليل الفني الشامل لشرط ADR
الآلية التشغيلية والتطبيق التجاري في منظومة الشحن الدولي
The ADR Agreement (Accord Dangereux Routier) regulates the safe road transport of hazardous chemicals, gases, flammable liquids, toxic substances, and corrosive agents across 54 participating countries, including Turkey and all EU member states. Dangerous goods are assigned a 4-digit UN Number and divided into 9 core hazard classes (e.g., Class 3 Flammable Liquids, Class 8 Corrosives, Class 9 Miscellaneous). Hauling ADR cargo requires strict compliance: vehicles must carry fire extinguishers, wheel chocks, eye wash kits, and orange reflective danger placards, while drivers must hold an active ADR Driver Training Certificate (SRC-5 in Turkey). Forwarders and chemical manufacturers must employ certified Dangerous Goods Safety Advisors (DGSA / TMGD).
مصفوفة التزامات البائع والمشتري
توزيع الالتزامات التشغيلية وتكاليف الشحن ونقاط انتقال المخاطر
| المرحلة التشغيلية | التزامات البائع | التزامات المشتري | ملاحظات ونقطة تسليم المخاطر |
|---|---|---|---|
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS / SDS) | Mandatory (Must provide 16-section SDS in English and Turkish) | Reviews handling safety at destination | — |
| UN Certified Packaging & Hazard Labeling | Mandatory (Packages must bear UN mark and hazard diamonds) | None | UN approved drums/IBCs. |
| ADR Transport Document & Tremcards | Prepared by seller's Dangerous Goods Advisor (TMGD) | None | Lists UN number, proper name, class, PG. |
| ADR Certified Fleet & SRC-5 Driver | Carrier must provide ADR-certified tractor/trailer and licensed driver | None | Orange plates displayed. |
| Tunnel Restriction Compliance | Carrier plans route adhering to European tunnel codes (A to E) | None | Trans-Alpine tunnel routing. |
Chemical Logistics Clusters in Kocaeli, Dilovası & Aliağa
الدليل التشغيli وفق قانون الجمارك التركي رقم 4458 وأنظمة المنافذ الحدودية
Turkey's petrochemical hubs in Gebze/Dilovası (Kocaeli), Aliağa (İzmir), and Çukurova export vast volumes of paints, resins, industrial solvents, cleaning agents, and agrochemicals to Europe. Brosan Lojistik operates dedicated ADR-equipped fleets with GPS-monitored EX/II and FL certified trailers and employs in-house certified Dangerous Goods Safety Advisors (Tehlikeli Madde Güvenlik Danışmanı - TMGD). Special routing protocols apply when crossing the Alps via Austrian or Swiss tunnels (such as the Brenner or Gotthard passes), where specific tunnel restriction codes (B, C, D, E) prohibit highly flammable or toxic substances.
القواعد الأساسية للامتثال الجمركي للصادرات التركية
- •Drivers must hold an active SRC-5 certification issued by the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure.
- •Trailers must carry two 6kg dry-powder fire extinguishers and the standard ADR driver PPE emergency bag.
- •Limited Quantity (LQ) provisions allow small consumer packaging (e.g., aerosol cans under 1L) to move under simplified rules without orange placards.
أخطاء شائعة يجب على الشاحنين تجنبها
- ⚠️Providing outdated MSDS/SDS documents that lack the updated 2023 ADR classification or UN Number.
- ⚠️Shipping non-compatible chemical classes (e.g., Class 3 Flammables mixed with Class 5.1 Oxidizers) in the same trailer, which is strictly illegal.
- ⚠️Attempting to cross Alpine tunnels with prohibited UN numbers without pre-booking approved alternative bypass routes.
دليل مواصفات وأبعاد الحاويات البحرية
الحمولات القصوى، والأبعاد الداخلية، ومقاسات فتحات الأبواب للحاويات 20 قدم و40 قدم و40HQ والمبردة.
الأسئلة الشائعة حول شرط ADR
إجابات معتمدة حول المسؤوليات والتكاليف وانتقال المخاطر
Q1:What is an SRC-5 certificate in Turkey?
SRC-5 is the mandatory national and international driver vocational qualification certificate required under ADR regulations for commercial drivers transporting hazardous goods by road in Turkey and Europe.
Q2:What is Limited Quantity (LQ) in ADR transport?
Limited Quantity (LQ) is an exemption allowing small, individually packaged hazardous goods (e.g., cosmetics, aerosols, paints) to be transported without requiring an ADR-certified vehicle or an SRC-5 licensed driver, provided total box weight limits and LQ diamond marks are respected.
Q3:What information must appear on an ADR transport document?
The document must state the UN Number preceded by 'UN', the Proper Shipping Name, the Class, the Packing Group (I, II, or III), and the Tunnel Restriction Code (e.g., UN 1263, PAINT, 3, PG III, (D/E)).
مسارات الشحن المرتبطة بهذا المصطلح
خدمات الشحن اللوجستية ذات الصلة
مصطلحات تجارية ولوجستية ذات صلة
طلب عرض سعر شحن وفق شرط ADR
تقدم شركة بروسan للوجستيات أسعار شحن تنافسية وتخليصاً جمركياً معتمداً لجميع البضائع المشحونة بشرط ADR.